THE NEW SCIENCE OF POLITICS: AN INTRODUCTION
[Note: The paging of the University of Chicago Press edition, 1952, which is
still in print, is shown in brackets.
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75
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Forward
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79 [v]
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Acknowledgments
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81 [vii]
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INTRODUCTION
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88 [1]
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1. Political theory and philosophy of history. Decline of political science
and restoration
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2. The destruction of political science through positivism. Positivistic
assumptions. The subordination of relevance to method. The nature of
positivism. Manifestations of positivism. Accumulation of irrelevant facts.
Misinterpretation of relevant facts. The movement of methodology. Objectivity
through exclusion of value-judgments
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3. The transitional position of Max Weber. Weber's value-free science. The
demonism of values. The contradictions in Weber's position. The
reintroduction of values. The taboo on classic and Christian metaphysics.
Positivism with regrets
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4. The restoration of political science. Obstacles and success
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1. REPRESENTATION AND EXISTENCE
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109 [27]
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1. The Aristotelian procedure. Symbols in reality and concepts in science
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2. Representation in the elemental sense
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3. Insufficiency of the elemental concept of representation
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4. Representation in the existential sense. Society in form for action.
Representative and agent distinguished
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5. Representation and social articulation. Magna Carta. Writs of summons to
Parliament. Ferrers' case. Lincoln's dialectical formula
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6. Western theory of representation. The consolidation of the realms in the
fifteenth century. Fortescue's theory. Eruption and proruption.
Corpus mysticum. Intencio populi
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7. Migratory foundations. The myth of Troy. Paulus Diaconus
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8. Disintegration. Maurice Hauriou. The
idée directrice.
Power and law. Constitutional and existential representative
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9. Summary. Definition of existence. Of representative institutions.
Provincialism of contemporary theory of representation.
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2. REPRESENTATION AND TRUTH
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129 [52]
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1. Social symbolization and theoretical truth
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2. Society as the representative of cosmic order. Truth and Lie. The
Behistun Inscription. The Mongol Order of God. The monadism of imperial truth
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3. The challenge to imperial truth. Jaspers' axis time of human history.
Bergson's closed and open society
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4. Plato's anthropological principle. As a principle for the interpretation
of society. As an instrument of political critique. The true order of the
soul as a standard
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5. The meaning of theory. Aristotle's theory of the mature man. Theory as an
explication of experiences. The experiential basis of theory
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6. The authority of theoretical truth. The opening of the soul. The psyche
as the sensorium of transcendence. The theological principle. Plato on the
types of theology
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7. Tragic representation. Aeschylus'
Suppliants.
The meaning of action. Government through persuasion. The
decision for Dike. Representative suffering
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8. From tragedy to philosophy
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9. Summary. Representation in the transcendental sense. Theory as the
science of order. The criterion of truth in science
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3. THE STRUGGLE FOR REPRESENTATION IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE
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149 [76]
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1. Theoretical issues. The competing types of truth. Anthropological and
soteriological truth
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2. Varro and Saint Augustine on the types of theology
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3. The political function of the
Civitas Dei.
The attack on the Roman cult.
The affair of the Altar of Victoria. The pleas of Symmachus and Saint
Ambrose. Saint Augustine's
imperator felix.
The Roman cult as a living issue.
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4. The existential issue in Roman civil theology. Saint Augustine's
misunderstanding of Varro's position. Cicero's opposition of the
princeps
civis
to the
princeps philosophiae.
Roman archaism. The truth of Rome against
the truth of philsophy.
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5. The princeps as the existential representative. The patrocinial
principate. The principes as miltary and political leaders in the late
republic. The triumvirs. The imperial principate
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6. The sacramental weakness of the imperial principate. Experiments in
imperial theology. The experiment with Christianity
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7. Celsus on the revolutionary character of Christianity
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8. The metaphysical monotheism of Philo. The political theology of Eusebius
of Caesarea. The end of political theology through trinitarianism
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4. GNOSTICISM: THE NATURE OF MODERNITY
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175 [107]
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1. The victory of Christianity. De-divinization of the political sphere and
re-divinization. The chiliasm of Revelation and Saint Augustine's theory of
the church. Spiritual and temporal representation. The survival of the Roman
idea in Western society
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2. The symbolism of re-divinization. The trinitarian speculation of Joachim
of Fiore. The Joachitic symbols: (a) the Third Realm, (b) the leader, (c)
the gnostic prophet, (d) the brotherhood of autonomous persons. The
National-Socialist Third Realm. Moscow--the Third Rome. Western recognition
of the Russian problem. The Russian type of representation
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3. The theoretical content of the new symbols. Saint Augustine's meaning of
transcendental history. Joachim's immanentization of the meaning of history.
Secularization. The eidos of history a fallacious construction. The types of
fallacious immanentization of the eschaton: progressivism, utopianism,
revolutionary activism
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4. Motives and range of gnostic immanentism. The desire for certainty and the
uncertainty of faith. The social success of Christianity and fall from faith.
The recourse to gnostic self-divinization. The psychological range of types:
contemplative, emotional, activist. The range of radicalization: from
paraclete to superman. The civilizational range: from monasticism to scientism
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5. The course of modernity. Origins in the ninth century. The problem of
simultanous progress and decline. The premium of salvation on civilizational
action. Immortality of fame and the holes of oblivion. Spiritual death and
the murder of God. Totalitariansim as the end form of progressive civilization
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5. GNOSTIC REVOLUTION: THE PURITAN CASE
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196 [133]
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1. The Periodization of Western history. Modernity as the growth of
Gnosticism. Modern age as a gnostic symbol. Modern age as gnostic revolution
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2. Hooker's portrait of the Puritan. The cause and the movement
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3. The revolt against intellectual culture. Scriptural camouflage. The
codification of gnostic truth. The taboo on the instruments of critique. The
prohibition of theoretical argument. Hooker's reaction. The Islamic
solution. Appeal to governmental authority
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4. The angel of Revelation and the Puritan army.
A Glimpse of Sion's Glory.
The common man. The gnostic realm of the saints. The program of the
revolution. The
Queries of Lord Fairfax
. The liquidation of the Old World. The war between the worlds.
Methodological reflections
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5. Hobbes's theory of representation. Public order against gnostic
revolution. The revival of
theologia civilis.
The opening of the soul reconsidered. The essential tension between truth of
society and truth of the soul. Plato's solution. Christian vacillations. The
Hobbesian idea of the everlasting constitution.
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6. THE END OF MODERNITY
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220 [162]
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1. The truth of cosmic order reasserted. Gnosticism as a civil theology. Its
tendency to repress the truth of the soul. The advent-recession cycle.
Future dynamics of Western civilization
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2. Gnostic disregard for principles of existence. Creation of a dream world.
Its motivations. The pneumo-pathological result. Attack on dianoetic virtues
and propaganda for moral insanity. The causes of continuous warfare. The
impossibility of peace
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3. Liberalism and communism. The plight of the liberal intellectuals.
Dynamics of the gnostic revolution. The Communist danger. The causes of
Western paralysis.
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4. Hobbes. Radical immanence of existence. The life of the spirit as
libido dominandi.
The abolition of the
summum bonum.
Passion and fear of death. The person and the Leviathan
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5. The Hobbesian symbolism. The psychology of disoriented man. Disease as
the nature of man. The Leviathan as the fate of the intellectual
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6. Resistance against Gnosticism. The relation of Western national
revolutions to Gnosticism. English and American conservatism. The restoration
of traditions
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Index [1952 ed]
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[191]
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