| creation of, 55-56, 213-15; creation of God and dominion of, 55-61; divine foreknowledge and decision of, 515-16; expulsion of, from Eden, 282; history and ontological reality of, 170-71; as human and mortal and leaps of being, 281-82; and knowledge about order of being, 40-41; order of mankind with its center in royal domain, 474-75, 511-13; and order of society, 51-52; participation of, in being, 39-40; personal responsibility and retribution based on merit of, 283; relationship between Yahweh and, ending with death, 282-83; revelation and human response, 466-67, 471, 482; rivalry between God and, 55-58, 60; supracivilizational drama of mankind, 102. See also Being; Soul |
| in argument of, 128-30; and breakthrough to transcendent Being, 4; compared with Christian Logos, 134-35; compared with Deuteronomy, 413, 414; corrosive tendencies in, 121; date of composition of, 127; as "forerunner" of monotheism, 46; literary form of, 127-28; and Ptah, 128-34; and theological speculation, 130-35 |
| 83; city-states in, 61-62, 61-62n4, 77, 103; Code of Hammurabi in, 63-64, 65; compared with Egypt, 103; cosmological order in, 4, 55-84; divine lordship and earthly kingship in, 63-66; empire in, 62-66, 77-78, 103; and Enuma elish, 81-84, 103, 127; ethnic units in, 157; Gilgamesh epic, 59-60n2, 70, 103; New Year ceremonies in, 73-74, 75, 77-78, 84, 335, 349; and omphalos, 67-69, 84; and rationalization, 74-78; rivalry of God and man in Genesis, 55-58, 60; Sumerian Lamentations over Destruction of Ur, 151, 252; sun symbol and cycle of renewal, 72-74, 75, 357; symbolization of cosmic order in, 78-84; symbolization of political order in, 61-78; and zodiac, 69-71, 72, 75 |
| 193, 195, 196, 200, 379, 414-18, 423; and ceremony of berith, 471, 472, 475-76, 499; child of, 456; compared with Abram, 441; compared with Elijah, 396-97, 401-2; compared with pharaoh, 415; date for, 158, 160-61, 164, 466; death of, 202, 412, 415-16, 453; and Decalogue, 366, 379-83, 417, 471-73, 476-80, 477n37; in desert, 441, 454, 456; Deuteronomic speeches of, 163, 219, 395, 410-15, 434-35; encounters between pharaoh and, 436-37, 441-43, 452, 456-57, 469-70; and Exodus of Israel from Egypt, 152,172, 216, 245, 257, 265, 401, 435, 440-43, 468-71, 545; first ascent of Mount Sinai for Yahweh's instructions, 471, 473-75; and form of Paschal legend, 438-39; and form of prophetic legend, 435-38; and form of Torah, 433-35; and golden calf episode, 472; as historian, 440; historical Moses, 431n1, 433, 434, 435, 481; infancy and youth of, 444- 45, 455-56; instructions of Yahweh and Torah of, 412-18; and Israel as Chosen People, 6, 378-79, 448, 470; Israelites' resistance to, 443, 470; and Israel's response to crisis of mundane existence, 378-79; Jesus linked with, 449; and leap in being, 396, 439, 453-66; as legislator, 440; as liberator, 440; magical activities of, before pharaoh, 436-37, 441; as messenger, 439; and Mount Tabor vision, 389, 390, 396; name of, 445-46; permitted questions and answers on, 432-33; and plagues in Egypt, 437-38, 439, 441, 442, 452; in prologue of Exodus 2, 453, 455-56; as prophet, 422, 432, 435, 439-40, 481; prophets compared with, 521-22; prophets on, 481-82; resistance of, to divine command, 450-53, 468-69, 521; as savior-king, 438-39; as servant of Yahweh, 521-22; and Sinai Covenant, 4-5, 207, 221, 342-44, 396-97, 471-80; smashing of stone tablets by, 472; sources on, 431-39, 43lrji; speaking difficulties of, 450-53; as spiritual founder, 440; and Ten Commandments, 380; and theocracy, 467n29; and thornbush dialogue, 452, 454, 456-66, 470, 515, 521; Toynbee on, 161, 162; transmission of Yahwism to time of, 245-47; type classifications of, 439-40, 450; "uncircumcised lips" of, 451-53; wife of, 456; Yahweh of, 453- 55, 458, 466, 466n27; and Yahweh's appearance on Mount Sinai, 454, 457, 458, 466-80; Yahweh's attempt to kill Moses in night episode, 451-53, 453n12, 470 |
| 323n14, 328n33, 332nn38-39, 333- 36, 333-34nn40-42, 338n53, 340n55, 342n57, 343, 343n60, 352, 477n37, 547-48n15 |
| compactness of, 123-24; Egyptian myth, 122-27; Enuma elish, 81-84, 103, 127; Gilgamesh epic, 59-60n2, 70, 103; historic myth, 343n61; in Old Testament, 218-20; resistance of mythologization of Old Testament, 341-47; truth of, 50 |
| Pentateuch, 193, 195, 196, 200, 414-18, 423; canon of, 185-86, 417; dates of Biblical narrative, 158, 162- 65; difficulties in interpretation of, 188-92; emergence and recession in, 182-85; Engnell's approach to, 192, 192n2, 200-205, 200n11; genealogies in, 209-12, 217-18; historical-critical method of study of, 13; historical subject matter of, 189, 218-20, 223; Imperial Psalms, 191, 330-52; multiple meanings of, 324n17; myths in, 218-20; nineteenth-century Protestant scholarship on, 332; paradigmatic narrative of, 5-6, 162-65,184, 414; Pedersen's approach to, 202, 203-4; problems with Voegelin's interpretation of, 7-11; recent scholars on and methodology in Bible criticism, 11-13; resistance to mythologization of, 341-47; and sacred line of godly carriers of meaning, 183-84, 212; sources of narrative of, 190-206, 199n9; as symbolic form sui generis, 220, 223, 229; Voegelin's work disregarded in study of, 13; Wellhausen school of Bible criticism, 192-200, 202-5; as world history, 177-78, 181-84, 212, 216-17, 219-20, 223. See also Abraham; Biblical narrative; Israel; Moses; Prophets; and specific prophets |
| 3-4; analogical symbolization of, 43-50; conflicts of analogues and early tolerance, 45-47; conversion toward true source of, 48-49; and Decalogue, 478-80; definition of, 1-2; of history, 19-22; imperial pressure, repristination, and preservation of, 429-30; institutional model of divine order, 427-28; institutional vacuum of covenant order, 349-50; and intolerance through love of being, 48-50; and Isaiah, 536-37, 544, 545, 555; literary criticism versus analysis of, in Old Testament, 346-47; of mankind and order of society, 51-52; of mankind with its center in royal domain, 474-75, 511-13; and meaning of history, 13-14, 470-71; and New Year festivals, 348, 349; principles governing compactness and differentiation of experiences of, 99-100, 224-25; prophets and order of Israel, 405-9, 542-45; prophets' concern with order of history, 517-19; prophets' movement beyond order of concrete society, 544-45, 555; ritual renewal of, 348-49; symbolization of, 3-4, 39-50; and tolerance through Love of existence, 50; truth of, 24; types and symbolic forms of, 20-22; worldwide order, 23-24. See also Cosmological order; Order of being; Order of Israel; Political order |
| 271n4; control of Judah by, 271, 296-97, 300-301; and David, 299, 302, 303; empire of, 270-72; and ethnic mix of Israel, 161; gods of, 267, 268; and Saul, 273, 279, 289, 293, 298, 303; Toynbee on, 159; wars with Israel, 221, 222, 224, 251, 256, 258, 268, 271-72n4, 273, 279, 289, 293, 295-96, 298, 299, 302, 303, 364 |
| the Covenant, 419; definition of, 24; Plato on, 287; revelation compared with Hellenic philosophy, 492-93, 550; and status of soul, 286-87, 377; versus historical realism, 283-85 |
| 498, 550; on divine bonum, 460; on evil, 378; influence of, on Bodin, 71; on metaphors of life as disease and prison, 140; mythopoeia of, 46; on nosos, 24; and paradigm, 527; on periagoge, 48; on philosopher-king, 101; on philosophy, 287; on polis, 427; and Socrates' trial, 489; on soul, 282, 287, 378; on sun symbol, 73; on theology, 47, 101-2, 378; on truth of myth, 50 |
| 376; corruption of, 272; and David, 327; Jerusalem priest-kings, 234-35, 327; Levitical priests as custodians of the Torah, 421; and Melchizedek, 234-37, 234n1, 245, 325, 327, 329; postexilic priestly organization of Jewish community, 294-95; and Priestly Code, 193; regulation of, in Deuteronomic Torah, 421; symbols on robe of high priest, 370. See also Priestly (P) narrative |
| 507-8; definition of, 500n1; existential phase of, 528, 536- 42, 555; institutional phase of, 528-29, 534, 537, 538; metastatic phase of, 528, 529-35, 537, 542-43, 545; and warfare, 501-4. See also Prophets |
| on cult of foreign gods by, 225-26; authority of, versus public authority, 488-89; bands of, 274-78, 437, 522; as carriers of meaning, 184-85; collective versus solitary prophets, 274-78; complaints about Israel's misconduct, 496-98, 513-14; and continuum of historical form, 482; and covenant, 491-511; and covenant written in the heart, 6-7, 419, 493, 510-11; and crisis of mundane existence, 378-79; and Decalogue, 484-93, 512, 513; and derailment into the Torah, 482-83; Deutero-Isaiah and new type of prophecy, 553-55; as disciple ( limmud ) of God, 465-67; divine foreknowledge and human decision, 515-16; and dual symbolism of punishment and salvation, 515-17, 524-25; and ecstaticism, 275-78; Elijah's establishment of prophetic succession, 401-2; enactment of Israel's fate by, 519-20; ethical and social concerns of, 10; existential issue and metastatic experience, 509-10, 555; and existential phase, 528, 536-42; faith of, 10-11, 504-7, 506n6, 514-15, 518-19; false prophets, 516, 539, 553; and institutional phase of prophetism, 528-29, 534, 537, 538; juxtaposition of rejection and demand by, 498-500; as limmudim, 565-66; literary form of, 524-25; as lord of history, 522-23; magic of, 10-11, 503- 4, 506n6; as messengers of Yahweh, 386-88, 396-97, 405-6, 410; and Messianic problem, 525-26, 528-42; metastatic prophecies, 10-11, 506-10, 528, 529-35, 537, 545; mission and role of, 6-7, 10, 386-88, 394, 405-7, 481-82, 500, 500n1; and monarchy of Israel, 121, 344-46; and Moses, 481- 82, 521-22; and movement beyond order of concrete society, 544-45, 555; and ontology and history, 517-19; and order of being, 517-19; and order of Israel, 405-9, 542-45; and participation in God's suffering, 542, 545, 555; persecution and martyrdom of, 488-89, 516; personalities of, 269; prophetic revolt in ninth century, 294, 362, 366, 385, 418-19, 420, 435, 528; "prophet of doom," 516-17; as prophet to the nations, 523-25, 543- 44, 566-67; and recall of the past and call in the present, 482; regulation of, in Deuteronomic Torah, 421-22; and Saul, 273, 274-75; as servants of God, 522, 561-64; social status of, 272, 275; as Son of God, 520-22; and spiritual universalism versus patriotic parochialism, 407; Talmudic interpretation of, 500n1; tension between kings and, 436, 488-89, 528; trials of, 488-89; and universalism and personalism, 483; on virtues, 498-500; on warfare, 501-4; and warnings on judgment of Yahweh, 387-89, 395; Wensinck on, 348; Yahwism of, 185, 186, 224-27, 230. See also specific prophets |
| Davidic empire, 350-51, 358-59; cosmological symbolism of, 348, 350-52; difficulties of new position on, 339-41; divine kingship in, 336- 38, 342-47; Egyptian and Babylonian influences in, 353-58, 354n82, 370; Enthronement Songs, 333, 334, 342. 345, 345n69, 350-52; Gunkel's form-critical approach to, 332-36, 333n40; literary criticism of, 334, 350; Mowinckel's cult-functional approach to, 333-36, 333-34n41-42, 343. 35i, 352; nature of, 330-32; and New Year festivals, 335-38, 356; poetic and religious individualism as causes of misunderstanding of, 331-32; pressure of historical form on meaning of, 351-52; resistance to mythologization of, 341-47; Royal Psalms, 333, 342, 350; scholarship on, 191. See also Imperial Psalms |
| Deutero-Isaiah, 551-64, 567; God as Redeemer, 285-86, 548, 554, 556, 557-60; by Messiah, 359; prophets' dual symbolism of punishment and, 515-17, 524-25; servant and work of, 561-62; and suffering, 7; and Suffering Servant, 7, 567-70 |
| philosophy, 492-93, 550; and covenant, 514; of Decalogue from Mount Sinai, 366, 379-83, 417, 471- 73, 476-80, 476-77n37; and Deutero- Isaiah, 552-55; Deuteronomic Torah and regulation of, 418-23; and historical constitution of the people, 463-64; and human response, 466-67, 471, 482; to Isaiah, 490-91; and pragmatic history, 6; and purification, 490-91; as symbol, 2; of thornbush dialogue between Yahweh and Moses, 452, 454, 456-66, 470, 515, 521. See also Covenant; Moses; Prophets; Yahweh; and headings beginning with Israel |
| anointing of, by Samuel, 179, 273-74; antiroyalist version of kingship of, 289-95; banishment of ghost-masters and wizards by, 280, 281n10; clan's support of, 299; David's escape from, 299, 300; and David's music, 279; David's relationship with, 279, 299, 300. 303; death of, 194, 279, 315; funeral elegy for, by David, 288-89; historical writing on, 222; installation of, as king, 179; Jonathan as son of, 279; kingship of, 179, 270-95, 272n5, 296, 299-300, 320, 364, 367n2; Michal as daughter of, 275, 301, 318; military troops under, 298-99; and Philistine wars, 221, 273, 279, 289, 293, 298, 303; and prophets, 273, 274-75; rise of, 270-78; royalist version of kingship of, 273-74; and Samuel, 179, 273-74, 289-93, 295, 313, 436, 528; and spiritual disorder of, 279-89, 295; and theocracy, 289-95, 364; and war against Amalek, 291-92; and war of the Generals, 301-2; and witch of Endor, 279-80, 292, 295; andYahweh, 273-74, 279-80, 289-92; youth of, 274, 292 |
| God, 564-67; ebed Yahweh (servant of Yahweh), 439, 521-22; Isaiah as, 522; Israel as, 563-64; as light to the nations, 563-64; Moses as, 521-22; ordination of, in heaven, 562-63; prophets as, 522, 561-64; role of, in work of redemption, 561-62; Solomon as, 522; Suffering Servant, 7, 348, 407, 547-48n15, 549-50, 567-70; as type, 561-62 |
| 167, 184, 370, 401, 415; of cosmological civilization, '294; of Egypt, 153, 154, 177, 401; of history and philology, 155; Isaiah on, 510; Israel's descent into, 366, 401, 510; past as, 169; Pharaoh as prisoner in, 439; as symbol, 164, 173 |
| 371-72; Egyptian aspects of reign of, 368-72; and Egyptian princess, 369-70; and Egyptian traditions, 353; empire under, 303-4, 305; financial administration of, 300, 303-4, 306; historical work on, 222; Israel as cosmological society under, 9; and Jeroboam, 368; kingship of, 303-4, 305, 328n33, 363; parents of, 307; personality of, 305; as servant of Yahweh, 522; and slave-labor force, 305-6; sons of, 371-72; succession of, 317, 327, 371-72; temple of, 194, 229, 261, 362, 370-71, 371n8, 372, 375; and war chariots, 311-12; wives and concubines of, 262, 369-70, 375 |
| God), 325; Israel as, 346, 440-44, 448, 452, 470, 474-75, 513; Jeremiah as, 520-21; Jesus as, 389-91, 449, 521; king as, 345-46, 355-56, 41°, 447-49, 527; pharaoh as, 441, 443, 470; prophets as, 520-22 |
| 492-93; and Israelites, 279-89; and philosophy, 286-87; Plato on, 282, 287, 378; Saul's spiritual disorder of, 279-81, 295 |
| 106-11, 122, 130, 136, 146-47, 346, 355, 358; in Mesopotamia, 72-74, 75, 357; in Old Testament, 357-58, 371, 410; and Solomon's Temple, 370 |
| 154, 164; cosmological symbolism of Psalms, 348, 350-52; definition of, 3; of desert for Israelites, 153, 164; of Deutero-Isaiah, 547-49, 551; of Elijah, 385-402; eschatological symbols, 394-96; of Exodus narrative, 440-48; imperial symbolism, 6, 9, 320-30, 339, 350-51, 353-60, 474-75, 511-13, 562; of Isaiah, 529-34; Israel and symbols of historiography, 206-18, 364-65; of king as mediator between cosmic and social order, 341; of Messiah, 359, 364; of Moses' name, 445-48; Mosheh symbol, 445-48, 449; of number four, 65, 72, 217, 218; of number twelve, 69-71, 72, 75; recurrence of, and cosmological order, 340; of servant, 561-62,; of sun, 72-74, 75, 106-11, 122, 130, 136, 146-47, 34«, 355, 358, 370, 371; of temple, 9; theocratic symbolism, 292-95; of Truth and Lie, 87, 89; of yin-yang, 90; of zodiac, 69-71, 72, 75. See also Symbolization |
| empire, 85-90; analogical Symbolization of order, 43-50; and attempts at rationalization, 46-47; of berith (covenant), 215-16, 239-40; of cosmic order in Mesopotamia, 78-84; and experience of lasting and passing, 41-43; and experience of participation, 41; features in process of, 41-50; and intolerance through Love of being, 48-50; and omphalos, 67-69, 72, 84, 511, 520, 525, 545, 555, 567; oneness of being and plurality of symbols, 46-47; of order, 3-4, 39-50; of political order in Mesopotamia, 61-78; and radiation of meaning in history, 172; and radical inadequacy of symbols, 47-48; revelation as symbol, 2; and sepher (book), 208, 212-13, 214; and society as microcosmos and macioanthropos, 43-45; and toldoth (generations), 208-18; and tolerance through love of existence, 50; of types of order, 20-22. See also Symbolism |
| 61, 267-68; and Jeroboam's cult reforms, 372; Near Eastern influences on Solomon's Temple, 370-71; Solomonic temple, 194, 229, 261, 362, 370-71, 371n8, 372, 375; symbol of, 9 |
| 166-68, 174-75; Frankfort-Toynbee debate on Egypt, 91, 92-96, 95n10; on Judaism and Christianity, 161; on "line of spiritual enlightenment," 161-62; on "progressive" type of civilization, 99; Spengler-Toynbee theory of history, 166-68, 174-75; on Syriac civilization, 86, 157, 159-62, 166-67; on Times of Troubles, 44, 161; on Yahweh, 161 |
| 196, 197, 199, 205, 205n19, 206, 206n20, 25in19, 254n21, 312n2, 314, 339, 342-43, 347n71, 352, 412n1, 424-27, 502-4, 506n6 |
| ark's role in, 251; clan's importance in rise of war leader, 299-300; and Deborah Song, 247-57, 3H; defeat in, and god's anger, 266-67; and Deuteronomic Torah, 425-27; disintegration of holy war ritual, 309-12; financial aspects of, 301, 305; for glory of king, 270; holy war as defensive, 252-54, 291-92, 307, 309-10, 427, 502; and Judah, 10, 266, 368, 373, 425-27; and kingdom of Israel, 256-57, 270; and 100sening of older clan organization, 297-98; Maimonides on holy wars, 291n13; Midianite wars, 254, 259-61; Moabite war, 266-67; between Northern Kingdom and Judah, 368, 373; Philistine wars, 221, 222, 224, 251, 256, 258, 268, 271-/2n4, 273, 279, 289, 293, 295-96, 298, 299, 302, 303, 364; and professional soldiers, 262-63, 298-99, 311-12, 320; prophets on, 501-4; religious wars in Deuteronomic Torah, 425-27, 429; ritual of the holy war, 252-54, 291-92, 307, 309-10; Saul's war against Amalek, 291-92; sex taboo and holy war, 307, 309-10; shalom war, 325; and war chariots, 311-12; and Yahweh, 248-57, 257n22, 265, 291-92, 502 |
| 94-95, 95n7, 96, 97n11, 105n15, 106, 106n17, 106nn18-19, 118n47, 119n50, 121n56, 123n57, 125n58, 128n59, 133nn63-64, 134n65, 136n67, 138n68, 145n75, 147n77, 246n16, 465n25 |
| 349, 383, 407; debharim (words [of Yahweh]), 379-84, 415, 419, 420, 421n2, 434-35, 440; and Deutero- Isaianic drama, 550; and Jeremiah, 522-23; and Moses' difficulties in speaking, 450-53; Torah as, 8, 416-18, 425; and word of prophets, 422, 435, 520, 536-37 |
| political situations, 265-70; and attempted murder of Moses in night episode, 451-53, 453n12, 470; and Baal Melqart, 374-75, 374-75n1i; characteristics of, 287; conflict between Canaanite cults and, 194; covenant between Abraham and, 183, 186, 216, 217, 233-41, 246, 323-24, 441; and creation of world and man, 213-15;and David, 276, 307, 313, 314, 316, 318-20; Day of Yahweh, 387-92, 391n18, 394, 507; and Decalogue, 366, 379-83, 417, 471-73, 476-80, 476- 77n37; as deus absconditus, 454; and Deuteronomic "theology," 409-10; disobedience to, 279-80; and Elijah, 399-401, 405; expulsion of man from garden of Eden, 282; faith in, 10-11, 257, 257n22, 504-7, 506n6, 514-15, 518-19; and Feast of Tabernacles, 337-38; and Gideon, 260; as "god of the fathers," 246, 250, 454, 458, 466; as hidden and revealed God, 463-66, 479; as "I-AM-WHO-I-AM," 459-65, 459n17, 479, 515; ignorance of law of, 376-78; instructions of Yahweh and Torah of Moses, 412-18; and Isaiah, 490-91; Israel's defections from, to foreign gods, 225-26, 258, 472, 479, 493-95; and Jeremiah, 521-22; justice of, 356-57; kabhod (glory) of, 529-31, 533-34, 548, 555, 556, 560, 565; and Kenites, 246n15; as king, 351-52, 356n183, 357, 529-30; and kingship, 273-74, 289-91, 319, 327- 30; and Manasseh's reign, 410-11; manifestation of, in natural forces, 251-52; man's relationship with, ending in death, 282-83; Messenger of, 385, 386-88; Messiah of, 286, 347, 358-60; and Moses, 245-46, 450-66, 466n27, 468-80; and Mount Carmel miracle, 399-400; on Mount Sinai, 454, 457, 458, 466-80;,New Year festivals for enthronement of, 335-38, 356; obedience to, 179; personality formation through spirit of, 268-70; political particularization of, 261-62; praise for feats of, 176-77; punishment and judgment by, 258, 377, 387-95, 507, 515-17; as Redeemer, 285-86, 548, 554, 556, 557-60; righteousness of, 252; ruach (spirit [of Yahweh]), 260, 268, 273, 275, 285, 287, 439, 502, 503, 527, 533, 534, 543; sanctuary of, at Ophrah, 260-61, 267-68; and Saul, 273-74, 279-80, 289-91; and Sinai covenant, 4-6, 153, 179-80, 182, 207, 211, 215-16, 221, 342-44, 347, 349, 350, 379-80, 396-97, 471-80, 511-12; and spiritual universalism versus patriotic parochialism, 407, 409; suffering of, 541-42, 545, 555; syncretism between Amon and, 371; syncretism between El Elyon and, 321, 325-26; Tetragrammaton YHWH, 460, 460n18, 463; and thornbush dialogue with Moses, 452, 454, 456-66, 470, 515, 521; and Tower of Babel, 56, 212; Toynbee on, 161; as universal God of mankind, 407, 409, 483, 525, 560-61; and war, 248-57, 257n22, 265, 291-92, 502; as world ruler, 356-58, 370, 394. See also God; Yahwism |
| Deborah Song, 248-57, 257n22, 259; of Elijah, 400; and Israelite-Canaanite syncretism, 258-59, 261-62, 363, 394; of Judah, 193, 297, 316, 319; in Manasseh's reign, 410-11; of Northern Kingdom, 372; and political particularization of Yahweh, 261- 62; populist Yahwism, 275-78; of prophets, 185, 186, 224-27, 230; and summodeism, 267-68; transmission of, to time of Moses, 245-47. See also Yahweh |
-->