INDEX

Robert B. Heilman and Eric Voegelin
—A Friendship in Letters 1944—1984


[ Entries have been added here that are not found in the printed edition. They are marked with an asterisk: * ]

Aeschylus, 86, 158; Eumenides, 87; Prometheus,
    86, 87; Suppliants, 86
Agee, James, 88
Albright, William Foxwell, 316
Albrizio, Conrad, Voegelin portraitist, 183 *
Allegory: pre-realist, 135
Altdorfer, Albrecht, 177
Altizer, Thomas J. J.: Voegelin's "debate" with,
    mentioned, 138,246
American Freeman, The 140 *
Analogia entis, 189; Thomistic, 105
Anamnesis. Zur Theorie der Geschichte und
   Politik (Voegelin), 12, 223, 225, 241, 242
Anderson, Quentin: The Imperial Self, 262
Aquinas, Thomas, 195, 317
Aristophanes: Frogs, 86
Aristotle, 82, 137, 158, 227, 259, 316, 318; and
    homonoia (like-mindedness), 2; and
    human nature, 105; method of (memory
    and comparison), 316; and methods of
    social sciences, 316; Poetics of, 83, 89,
    210; and Thomas Reid, 259; and tragedy
    (Voegelin on), 89, 158
Aron, Raymond, 193, 265
Arrowsmith, William, 286
Auden, W. H., 88
Auerbach, Erich, 321
Augustine, Saint, 105, 137
Avineri, Shlomo, 265

Baader, Franz Xavier von, 111, 157
Babbitt, Irving, 87
Balthasar, Hans von Urs: Theology of History,
   92
Barraclough, Geoffrey, 267
Barth, Karl, 92, 143
Being: consubstantiality of all, 16, 152; dialectics
of, 111; divine, 110, 111; essential movements of, 225; in flux, 223, 224; and Homeric characters, 129; leap in, 187; meaning of, 16, 152; mode of, 102; transcendent, 147, 186; truth of, 87
Berdiaev, Nicholas, 318
Bergier, Jacques, and Louis Pauwels: The
    Dawn of Magic, 273, 276
Bergson, Henri, 318
Berkeley, George, 122, 259
Berns, Walter, 193
Berrigans, Daniel and Philip, 263
Bios theoretikos, 105, 195
Blake, William, 108; bibliography on, 25-26
Bloch, Ernst, 222
Bochenski, Joseph M., 208
Bosch, Hieronymous, 236
Bloom, Harold, 285n8 *
Brandon, Samuel George Frederick, 244
Brandt, Conrad, Benjamin Schwartz, and
    John K. Fairbank: Documentary History of
    Chinese Communism, 319
Brecht, Bertolt: and Max Frisch, 234, 235;
    Mother Courage, 192; and obsessive
    language, 234; relation to Friedrich
    Dürrenmatt, 230
Brinton, Crane, 30
Broch, Hermann: Death of Vergil, 168
Bronson, Bertrand Harris, 218
Brookings Institution, 76 *
Brooks, Cleanth, 4, 24, 26, 29, 57, 58, 59, 141,
    272, 282 *

Bruce, Frederick Fyvie, 244
Brunner, Otto, 192
Buckley, William F., 141
Bultmann, Rudolf Karl, 202
Burgess, Anthony: The Clockwork Orange ,
    273
Burgess, John William, 316
Burke, Edmund: Reflections on the Revolution
    in France, 259; and understatement, 259,
    260
Burlesque: and distortion of reality, 233; and
    the grotesque, 233, 236
Butler, Rohan d'Olier, 30

Camus, Albert, 115
Carnap, Rudolf, 115
Chadwick, John, 170
    325
Chambers, Raymond Wilson, 65
"Chicago School" (of Aristotelians), 20, 159,
    275. See also Neo-Aristotelians
Chicago, University of, Press, 98, 122 *
Christianity, 111, 189, 194, 233; Dostoevsky's,
    100; problems of, 126, 169
Civilization(s): cosmological, 223; inferior,
    160, 163; Mycenean, 127, 134n21; Western,
    91, 120
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: Kubla Khan, 103-4;
    and Plato, 103
Comedy: and melodrama, 85; and tragedy, as
    basic literary types, 84-85. See also
    Melodrama; Tragedy
Communism, 22, 66, 164, 166, 208, 306, 312,
    319, 323. See also Marxism
Community: cooperative, among men, 2, 194;
    disintegration of, 263; of the psyche, 20, 158
Comte, Auguste, 228
Confucius, 105
Conrad, Joseph, 99n60, 103; Nigger of the
    Narcissus, 263; Under Western Eyes, 103
Conscience: complex of consciousness-
    conscience-virtue, 40; and Homer, 98-99;
    and responsible ego, 42-43
Consciousness: Aristotelian exegesis of, 242; in
closed existence, 257; cognitive direction of, 281; concrete, 162n24; dogmatic formulations of, 242; and intentionality, 281; meditative exploration of, 242; of open existence, 257-58; philosophical, 16, 152; and philosophy, 241-42; Voegelin's philosophy of, 241-43 passim
Conservatism, 323
Conservative Review, The, 140 *
Conservatives: Voegelin on, 142-43; 208
Cosmos: and Time of the Tale, 223; in com-
    edy, 85
Cowley, Malcolm, 3, 4n6
Cromwell, Oliver, 55
Cross, Frank Moore, 226

Dante, 108
da Vinci, Leonardo, The Last Supper
   viewed in Milan, 92 *
Decline of the West (Oswald Spengler), 209 *
de Gaulle, Charles, 241
de Jouvenel, Bertrand, 193
Demosthenes, 316
Dempf, Alois, 83, 92, 137, 180; Critique of
    Historical Reason, 173
Descartes, René, 111, 242
Deutero-Isaiah, 169, 190
Dewey, John: Human Nature and Conduct,
    259
Dialogue: as form of art, 82; great, in history,
    19, 20, 157, 158; meditative, 223; Platonic,
    153, 190
Diderot, Denis, 225; Rameau's Nephew, 221
Dr. Jones of Cow College, (Voegelin quip) 157 *
Doderer, Heimito von: The Demons, 168; and
    portrayal of obsession as burlesque, 233; and
    "second reality," 168-69. See also
    Dürrenmatt, Friedrich; Frisch, Max
Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 27, 35, 225, 232-33;
Brothers Karamazov, The, 77; Gambler, The, 225; Idiot, The, 100; Notes from the Underground, 225; Possessed, The (Demons), 233, 235
Drama: cosmic, 52; Expressionist, 235; forms
of, 84-85, 86; language body of, 31; novels and, 233; symbolism of characters in, 234
Drama of Humanity (Voegelin lectures/writ-
    ings), 244, 267, 268
DuBrul, Stephen M., Jr., 231-32, 237
Dulles, John Foster, 66
Dunning, William Archibald, 316
Dürer, Albrecht, 177
Durkheim, Emile, 315, 317
Dürrenmatt, Friedrich: expressionism of, 230,
235; and new influx of reality, 234; and por- trayal of obsession, 233; "Problems of the Theatre," quoted, 236. See also Doderer, Heimito von; Frisch, Max

Ecumenic Age, The ( Order and History, vol. 4),
    7, 13, 273, 275; Heilman's response to,
    277-80
Eliot, George: Adam Bede, 123
Eliot, T. S., 286; Cocktail Party, 108, 129n18;
    Family Reunion, 108; Sacred Wood, 108;
    "The Waste Land," 257
Empire and Christianity (Voegelin), 147, 170
English (language, usage, style), 1, 7, 8, 10, 21,
    23, 252-53, 286; and philosophical language,
    110-111, 281
English, Louisiana State University
    Department of, 4, 29n3
English, University of Washington
    Department of, 4n6, 114n6, 250
Enlightenment: fundamentalism of, 189
Erasmus, Desiderius, 65, 71
Eroticism: in The Turn of the Screw, 49. See
    also Love; Passion; Sex
Euripides: Alcestis, 9, 126, 128-29, 132
Evil: Voegelin on forces of good and, in The
    Turn of the Screw, 40-52 passim . See also
    Good

Fairbank, John K., 319
Faith: Hebrews II:1, 105; and hope and love,
    105, 281
Faulkner, William: Hamlet, The, 70; Heilman
    on, 70; Lissy Voegelin on, 169; Voegelin on,
    65; Warren's article on, 65; Wild Palms, The,
    70-71
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 159
Finley, Moses I., 315
Flaubert, Gustav, 235; Tentation de Saint
    Antoine, 233
Form(s): of the aphorism, 242; appropriate
literary, 153; appropriate symbolic, 16; con- nection of content and form, 104; and con- tent, 123; differentiated, 223, 224; Heilman's classification of dramatic, 86; literary, of the Gospels, 183; of myth, 223; new literary, in philosophy, 12, 241; poetical, 104; specifi- cally human, of literature, 223; and spirit, 39; of the via negativa, 242; Voegelin's classi- fication of symbolic, 183
Frankfort, Henri: Kingship and the Gods, 315
Frankfort, Henri, et al.: Before Philosophy: The
    Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man, 315
Frankfort, Mrs. H. A., 315
Freud, Sigmund, 260
Friedrich, Carl Joachim, 134
Frisch, Max, 230, 232, 233, 235; The Firebugs, 249;
    new influx of reality in, 234. See also
    Doderer, Heimito von; Dürrenmatt,
    Friedrich
Frye, Northrop: and alchemy, 273; Anatomy of
    Criticism, quoted, 276

George, Stefan, 30
Germino, Dante, 260n4, 261, 262 *
Gigon, Olof Alfred, 92
Gnosis, 100, 188, 222, 265; in literature, 120;
    movement from philosophy to, 247; prob-
    lem of, 232; Voegelin's search for materials
    on, 144
Gnosticism, 277, 265; and the grotesque, 233;
    and revolt against God, 158
God: and Baader's Cogitor ergo sum, 111; of
governmental order (Jupiter), 35; intellectuals and, 189; of Light (Apollo), 35; measure of man is, 20, 158; revolt against, 20, 158, 233; symbolism of, 111; Thomas Mann and, 77; in Turn of the Screw, 41-43 passim
Gods, goddesses: as creations of humans, 102,
186, 189; and evil, 123; Homeric, 98; human seeking of, 270; in King Lear, 34, 35; as sym- bols that articulate transcendence, 189; there are no, 132, 186, 189; and the uncon- scious, 93
Goethe, Johan Wolfgang von, 5; Shakespeare
    und kein Ende, quoted, 36-37, 104
Gogol, Nicolai, 236
Good, 65; forces of, and evil, 40, 41, 42,52;
    love of the, 2. See also Evil
Goodenough, Erwin Ramsdell, 316
Gospels: literary form of, 183; and Western
    spirituality, 183, 190
Grene, David, 315-16
Grotesque, the: and Gnostic symbolism, 233;
    and obsessive language, 236; as understood
    by Friedrich Dürrenmatt, 236; uses of, in
    literature, 236
Guardini, Romano: Der Herr (The Lord), 169
Guérard, Albert J., 95, 123
Gurian, Waldemar (editor of Review
    of Politics ), at American Political Science
   Association meeting in Chicago, 66 ( passim ),
   75, 92 *

Haberler, Gottfried, 62
Hadas, Moses, 189
Hardy, Thomas, 95, 123; "On an Invitation to
    the United States" (poem), 26-27; Tess of
    the d'Urbervilles, 246
Harvard University, Voegelin on its
   intellectual life, 226-227 *
Havard, William C., 260n4, 261, 262 *
Hayek, Friedrich A. von, 61-62, 63, 208
Heer, Friedrich, 92
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 222, 259,
    260, 270, 277, 279
Hemingway, Ernest, 65
Henningsen, Manfred, 255 *
Heraclitus, 105, 241
Herder, Johann Gottfried von, 157
Heresy: ideology and terror, 233; as instrument
    of imposing man-made world, 235
Herodotus, 127, 158, 280
Hesiod, 82
Historicism (historism), 163, 321; and histori-
    cal relativism, 157; and history, 18, 157; in
    literary studies, 156, 213
Historiography: of literature, 92; and psyche
    of historian, 19, 157
History: Greek-Hellenic, 158, 170; of litera-
    ture, 66; philosophy moves in, 242; philoso-
    phy of, 144, 222, 223; practice of literary,
    155; as unfolding of the human psyche, 157
History, The [ of Political Ideas ] (Voegelin), 4, 5,
    6, 13, 69, 82, 91, 98, 107, 307, 309
Hitler, Adolf, 29n2, 59; and Ostara fantasies,
    211
"Hitler and the Germans" (Voegelin lectures),
    212, 223, 225, 233
Hitlerism: in Austrian academy, 92, 96;
    German provincialism as matrix of, 241
Hobbes, Thomas, 226, 248, 259; Leviathan, 65;
    theory of politics, 194-95
Hölderlin, Friedrich: Odes 209
Homer: and beginnings of "conscience,"
98-99; Carl J. Friedrich on Voegelin's, 134; complicated psychology of, 93; Elizabeth de Waal on Voegelin's, 116-27; Heilman on de Waal's reaction to Voegelin's, 119-31; Heilman responds to Voegelin on, 113; and theory of blindness and sight, 98-99; Voegelin on characters of, 117
Hope: and experiences of transcendence, 105;
    of immortality, 259; as tension toward
    ground of existence, 281. See also Love
Homey, Karen, 225
Hoover Institution, 255 *
Humanism, 161, 187, 270, 323, 324; atheistic,
    189; and humanity, 189; modern, 189;
    Thomas Mann's, 77, 79; "true," 189
Humanities, 105, 184, 185; "divinities," and
    "physicalities," 274; positivism in, 5; and
    television, 103
Human nature: always wholly present, 18-19,
    157; artist and the fullness of, 210; insights
    of poets into (Aristotle), 210; and poet's
    compact symbolism of, 15; in a time of cri-
    sis, 64; and the Victorian novel, 21, 161
Humboldt, Wilhelm von: conception of man,
    243
Hungarian Revolution, its impact
   felt in Vienna, 164 *

Iceman, the Arsonist, and the Troubled Agent,
    The (Heilman), 12, 268
Ideology: American varieties of, 312; conserva-
    tive, 142; and language, 232; and Newspeak,
    232; progressive, 259; symbolism, 232; and
    terror, 233
Ingersoll, Robert, 228, 229
Ingersoll Lecture (Harvard), 227, 229
Israel and Revelation ( Order and History, vol.
I), 13, 147, 149, 167; and amnesia of the past, 21, 161; Heilman's response to Voegelin's acknowledgement in, 21, 159-61 passim Voegelin's acknowledgment of Heilman in, I

Jackson, Shirley: "The Lottery," 273
Jacobsen, Thorkild, 226, 315
Jaeger, Werner, 89, 315
James, Henry, 71, 109; Princess Cassamassima,
103; and schizophrenia, 225, 256; symbols of, 258, 260; The Turn of the Screw analyzed by Voegelin, 39-52 passim ; Voegelin essay for Southern Review on, 251-58 passim , 260-61 passim , 262, 263, 322; vogue, 103
James, William, 109, 227
Jaspers, Karl, 92, 193, 318
Jonas, Hans, 265
Jouvenal, Bertrand de, 193 *
Joyce, James, 169, 197, 239; rumor of Voegelin
    lecture on, 251, 252; theory of static and
    kinetic art, 88
Jung, Carl, 185, 190

Kant, Immanuel, 259
Kayser, Wolfgang, 237; Das Groteske in
    Malerei und Dichtung, 313
Kendall, Willmoore, on Yale's attitude
    toward hiring Voegelin, 69; 79, 193 *
Kennan, George, 199
Ketterer, David, 273, 276; New Worlds for Old:
    The Apocalyptic Imagination, Science Fiction,
    and American Literature, 276
King Lear: Heilman's study of, 57, 63, 104, 113,
    198, 321; Voegelin's comments on Heilman's
    manuscript on, 31-37. See also This Great
    Stage: Image and Structure in King Lear
    (Heilman)
Kinsey, Alfred Charles, 210
Kirk, Russell, 143; and The Conservative Review,
    140; as reviewer of Order and History
    (Voegelin), 186, 189
Knight, Frank H, teaching with Voegelin at USC, 119 *
Kraus, Karl, 53

Ladner, Gerhart B., 208 Language: ideological, 232; knowledge of, 232;
Liberalspeak as obsessive, 235; and
    Newspeak, 235; and reality, 232
Lattimore, Richard, 61
Lawrence, D. H.: Heilman review of book on,
    204; Lady Chatterly's Lover, 209; Plumed
    Serpent, 209; Sons and Lovers, 209; Voegelin
    on, 209-11 passim
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 122
Lerner, Max, 143
Lesley, Albin, 124
Liberals, 101, 117, 132, 143, 235, 247, 268; and
    conservatives, 208; northwest, 124, 140. See
    also Conservatives
Lieb, Fritz, 92; Russland Unterwegs: der russis-
    che Mensch zwishen Christentum und
    Kommunismus, 319
Lifton, Robert Jay, 265
Literary criticism: formalist, 102; historism in,
156; and Homer essay by Voegelin, 123; and humanism, 189; as permanent occupation of Voegelin, 142; in the United States, 65 Literature, 4n7, 19n25, 103, 165, 211, 236, 240; American, 7, 24, 126, 261; as former of reality, 205, 210; "of disaster," 155; English, 65; as expression of human experience, 5; the grotesque and, 233; history of, 66, 321; Homer's work as first, 98; life and, 186, 192, 197; moral status of, 205; myth and, 223; positivistic studies in, 80; Renaissance, 93, 100; symbolism and, 321; teaching, 21, 161
Locke, John, 105, 226, 259
Love, 73; and D. H. Lawrence, 211; deficiency
of, 247; faith, hope, and, 105; of the Good, 2; and governess in The Turn of the Screw, 51; and hate, 151; and Helen, 106; for life excessive, 128; in Othello, 97; scene and symbolism in Turn of the Screw, 49; as tension toward ground of being, 281; of true reality, 211. See also Eroticism; Sex
Löwith, Karl, 222
Lubac, Henri de: Drame de I'Humanisme
    Athée, 189
Luther, Martin, 75

Machiavelli, Niccolo, 65, 94, 105
Magic in the Web: Action and Language in
Othello (Heilman), 149, 321; Heilman's response to Voegelin's comments on, 153-56; Voegelin's response to, 147, 150-53, 156-59; winner of Explicator Prize of 1956, 175. See also Othello
Man: American "self-made," 94; autonomous,
in revolt against God, 233; "common," 35; differentiated, 223, 224; Everyman, 152; God is measure of, 20, 158; little, 20, 158; mass, 153; "modern," 152; nature of, 21-22, 105, 157, 158, 161, 259, 270; and relation to nature, 34, 95; "socialistic," 94; and theology, 11, 111; views of, in "naturalistic" tragedy, 9, 95, 123-24, 126. See also Human nature
Mann, Thomas: and the devil, 77, 79; Doctor
Faustus, 77, 79; and the German disaster, 77; humanism of, 77, 79; and the picaresque ( Felix Krull ), 175, 186, 198, 248
Manson, Charles, 272
Marlowe, Christopher, 280
Marx, Karl, 98, 222, 259; capitalism and, 209;
    Heilman responds to Voegelin's article on,
    94-95; Voegelin on, 314-15
Marxism, 313-15 passim . See also Communism
McLuhan, Marshall, letters to Voegelin
   on gnosis in literature, 120 *
Melodrama, 85, 88, 196; complacency and, 95;
disaster and conquest, 192; Heilman on, 197-98; Hobbesian psychology and, 194-95; politics as, 193-94, 197; replacing genuine drama, 194; spirituality and, 195; Voegelin on, 193-95 passim ; war as, 193. See also Comedy; Tragedy
Merkur, printing of "Gnostische Politik",
    100 *
Mill, John Stuart, 63, 105
Milton, John, 257
Mises, Ludwig von, teaching with Voegelin at USC, 119 *
Modern Age, 208 *
Montesi, Gotthard, 137
More, Thomas, 65, 71, 75, 101
Musil, Robert: The Man without Qualities,
    168; and problem of "second reality," 168
Myth, 51-52, 155; Coleridge, Plato, and, 75-76;
and language symbols, 151; and metaphysical speculation, 82; new philosophy of, 189; poetry, truth, and, 170; political, 126; "Shakespeare," 213; as symbol of human existence, 76; and Time of the Tale, 225
Myth, History, and Philosophy (Voegelin), 122

National Review 140 *
National Socialism (Nazism), 96, 241. See also
    Hitlerism
Neo-Aristotelians (at University of Chicago),
    17, 141, 154. See also "Chicago School"
New Criticism, and "old historicism," 213
New Critics, 102
New Science of Politics, The (Voegelin), 107,
    307, 308; Heilman acknowledges receipt of,
    112; reprint planned, 122; Voegelin com-
    ments on reviewers of, 136-37
Newton, Isaac, 122
Niebuhr, Helmut Richard, 318
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 143, 318
Niemeyer, Gerhart, 202, 324
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 30, 222; and demonically
    closed human will, 52
Notre Dame, University of, Voegelin's first
   impressions of, 202; Voegelin robbed and
   mugged, 205, 207-208; teaching and lectures
   at, 184, 192, 261-263, 269 ( passim ) See also
    Review of Politics *

O'Connor, Flannery, 264, Voegelin
   confesses ignorance of, 266 *

Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 199; and the
    University of Washington, 3, 4n6
Order and History, 13, 170, 173, 174, 177, 190,
231; Heilman comments on, 185-86; last volume of ( In Search of Order ), mentioned, 244; and theoretical problems, 241; two additional volumes planned, 267, 268; Voegelin responds to Heilman's editing of chapter 1, 10, 110-11; vol. I received by Heilman, 159; vol. 4, mentioned, 147, 169, 170, 202, 209, 212, 214
Order and Symbols (Voegelin), 122
Orwell, George: and symbolism of Newspeak,
    232
Ostara phantasies, and Hitler, 211, n4 *
Othello: and cholos of Achilles, 126; Heilman's
    study of, mentioned, 104, 113, 119, 141, 143-
    146, 147, 321. See also Magic in the Web:
    Action and Language in Othello (Heilman)

Pacher, [Michael or Friedrich], 177
Pareto, Vilfredo, 316
Parry, Stanley, C.S.C. [unnamed Notre
    Dame Political Science chairman—FJW], 202 *
Pascal, Blaise: Pensées, 225, 266; Provincial
    Letters, 225
Passion: and excellence, 102, 195; life of,
    194-95; psychology of, 194; the seer's, 160;
    and spirit, 195; in The Turn of the Screw, 51-
    See also Eroticism; Love; Sex
Philia politike (political friendship), 2, 194
Philosophical anthropology: Lear, a study in,
    64; and literary criticism, 15; problems of,
    105. See also Human nature
Philosophy, 16, 18, 153, 157, 158, 189, 111, 232,
247, 314, 316, 319; "common sense," 259; of consciousness, 141-43; English, 259-60; of existence, 208; at Harvard, 227, 229; history of, 11, 111; of history, 144, 222, 223; of lan guage, 10, 110, 223, 232; of myth and revelation, 189; new literary form in, 12, 241; political, 136-37, 265, 313
Pinter, Harold: The Birthday Party, 249
Pirandello, Luigi: Right You Are If You Think
    So, 237
Plato, 35, 82, 84, 105, 108, 111, 137, 157, 158,
227, 279, 316, 317; Coleridge and, 75-76; Heilman's response to Voegelin on, 37-38; interpreted as fascist, 151; Ion, 75; Laws, 37, 38; and meditative dialogue, 223; Phaedo, 75; Republic, 38; sense of tragedy in, 89; and tension of existence, 281; and theology, 110; Timaios, 34; and twentieth-century way of life, 38; Werner Jaeger on, 89
Plotinus, 243
Political Science, 65, 151, 157, 226
Political theory, 30, 226
Politics, 227, 314; academic, 212; classical
(Aristotelian) conception of, 194; Gnostic, 100; and immortality, 228; intellectual, 189; as melodrama, 193-94, 197; philosophy of, 265; science of, 137; as struggle for power, 194-95, 278; theoretical, 91
Polybius, 279
Pomponazzi, Pietro, 65
Praz, Mario: The Romantic Agony, 235
Pritchard, James Bennett: Ancient Near
    Eastern Texts, 316
Proust, Marcel, 169, 224; and time, 223
Pseudo-Dionysius Aeropagite: and Voegelin's
    meditative form, 243
Pusey, Nathan, President of Harvard,
   abused for picking good men, 229 *

Quénet, Charles: Lettres Philosophiques de
    Pierre Tchaadaev, 319
Quispel, Gilles, 222, 226

Ransom, John Crowe, 247
Reality: as actualized nature, 210; appearance
of, 152; attitude toward, 197; constructed and true, 211; and D. H. Lawrence, 211; deformation/destruction of, 233, 234, 236, 257; demonic, 87; genuine love of, 211; Homeric, 130; and language, 223; and literary artist, 210; literature constitutes, 210; new influx of, in Friedrich Dürrenmatt and Max Frisch, 234; omission of parts of, 248; and problem of "second reality," 168-69; as state of potentiality, 210; symbolic appre- hension of, 140; whole of, 235
Reid, Thomas, 259 Religion, 132, 133; among intellectuals, 88;
    ersatz, 247, 248; humanism tinged by, 77
Review of Politics, The , 94, See also
    Gurian, Waldamar *
Rijn, Rembrandt van, 177
"Role We Give Shakespeare, The" (Heilman
    lecture), 213, 214, 217, 219
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 226, 317
Rubens, Peter Paul, 177
Russell, David Syme, 244

Salin, Edgar, 92
Santayana, George, 30
Sartre, Jean-Paul: and Camus 115; Huit Clos,
    257; vanitas of, 233
Scheler, Max, 316
Schelling, Wilhelm Joseph von, 111, 157, 259
Schelting, Alexander von: Russland und
    Europa im russischen Geschichtsdenken, 319
Science, Politics, and Gnosticism (Voegelin),
    247
Schlick, Moritz, 115
Schmitt, Carl, 137; and his conception of
   politics, 194
Schwartz, Benjamin, 319
Science (natural): and the antitheological tra-
    dition, 124; and power, 123
Science (philosophical), 22, 58-59, 156, 164,
309, 310; as an Aristotelian virtue, 105; condition of, 151; cooperation in, 150; freedom of, 74, 309; ideology and destruction of, 312; inventions of sciences by man, 102; Wilhelm von Humboldt's, 243
Science (political), 157, 177; conventional
    treatment of Thomas More in, 65; need to
    rebuild, 226
Science (social): foundation policies toward,
306; positivism and historicism in, 5; positivist ideologues in, 310; quantitative research in, 307; Voegelin's analysis of the state of the social sciences, 308-20
Scientism: "The Origins of Scientism"
    (Voegelin), 74, 79, 122, 124
Sebba, Gregor, 238, 240, 246
Second reality, 168-69. See also Reality
Sedlmayr, Hans, studies on modern
   art as cult, 222 *
Sex, 209, 248; Kinsey and, 210; orgies and
    LSD, 272. See also Eroticism; Love
Sextus Empiricus, 259
Shakespeare, William, 104, 151, 270, 275;
Anthony and Cleopatra, mentioned, 37; on blindness and sight, 321; Coriolanus, mentioned, 37; and Elizabethan habits of mind, 161; Goethe on, quoted, 36-37; greatness of, 161; Julius Caesar, mentioned, 37; and "modern man," 152; on nature and astrology, 34; and Plato on man, 157; role given to, 10, 221
"Shakespeare and Politics" (Heilman lecture),
    284
"Shakespeare 400" (lecture series), 213
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 247
Shils, Edward Albert, 186
Socrates, 86, 153, 170
Soul: as component of human nature, 16, 152;
conflict within the, 84; demonically closed, 41, 254; fate of, 88; and human order, 87; and immortality, 281; order of the, 87; spiritual transfigurations of a, 16, 152; symbolized as the governess in The Turn of the Screw, 41-52 passim ; "vanity" of the, 254
Southern Review, The Voegelin
   published in, 253, 257, 260, 262,
  270n1, 286, 291 *
Spengler, Oswald, 209
Spirit, 108, 321; capacity for acting as, 102, 105;
excellence and true, 195; form and, 34; law of the, 38; life of the ( bios theoretikos ), 105, 195; mind and, 17, 154; passion and, 195; polis and, 39; problems of the, 194; quality of, 36; true role of, 169; of the world, 37
"State and History" (Voegelin lectures), 123
Stendahl, Krister, 226
Swift, Jonathan, 287; Gulliver's Travels, 85, 86,
    89, 246
Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 108
Symbol(s): Classic and Christian, 111; cloudi-
ness of, 257; of contracted existence, 266; experience and, 16, 152; "fuzziness" in, 260; ideological, 142-43; inconclusiveness in James's, 257; Joachitic, 248; and language, 15, 151; opaque, 242; pattern of, 40; and ratio- nality, 151; sight, 31-32; and transcendence, 189; in The Turn of the Screw, 51-51; of "understatement" and "gentility," 260; word, 32
Symbolism: of ancient gnosis, 222; of blind-
ness and sight, 321; and characters in drama, 234; Gnostic, 232, 233, 235; of the God who becomes man, 111; of man-animal, 287; of Newspeak, 232; and progressive ideology, 259; sensual, 31; for transcendent meaning, 31; in The Turn of the Screw, 49, 51
Symbolization(s): compact, 15; complex/spec-
    trum of, 258; and forces of the soul, 87;
    modes of, 257; and tensions in the Puritan
    soul, 40; of transcendental reality, 171

Tate, Allen, 65
Tension(s): Heilman questions Voegelin's use
of, 11, 270, 278; between potentiality and actuality, 259; of the psyche in depth, 241; of the soul toward the divine ground, 242; Voegelin's response to Heilman's reservations, 11, 281
Theology, 315, 316; and attunement to divine
    being, 10, 110; Bultmann's, 202; and man,
    10, 110-11; Protestant, 203
This Great Stage: Image and Structure in King
    Lear (Heilman), 5, 38, 57, 63, 104, 113, 116;
    Voegelin's comments on, 63. See also King
    Lear
Thomas Aquinas, 195, 317
Thucydides, 316
Tillich, Paul, 127
Time Magazine, cover story on Voegelin
    and The New Science of Politics, 117 *
Time of the Tale, 223
Toynbee, Arnold J., 237, 240, 318,
   symposium on, 144 *

Tragedy: Aeschylean, 86-87, 89; Aristotle and,
83, 89, 158; and catharsis, 87-88, 89, 191; and death, 126; and disaster, 192, 195, 197-98; and excellence, 198; and happy endings, 85, 86; Heilman's study of, and melodrama, 186, 188, 192, 195, 197, 205, 239, 244; Heilman's theory of "parts" in, 16, 152, 321; as literary genus, 16, 152; and milieu, 86, 153; modern variant of, 16, 152-53, 155; natu ralistic, 9, 95, 116; Platonic sense of, 89; Shakespearean, 151; structure of", 84, 146; Voegelin's study of, mentioned, 86, 97. See also Comedy; Melodrama; Tragedy and Melodrama
Tragedy and Melodrama (Heilman), 12, 230,
    146, 148, 164, 168
Transcendence: articulation of, 189;
    experiences of, 105
Trilling, Lionel, 65, 231

Unamuno, Miguel: Nivola, 77

Valéry, Paul, 116, 169, 185, 190; Voegelin's
   translation of Semiramis, 116, 118;
   visit to Cimétière Marin, 195 *
Ventris, Michael, 170
Viereck, Peter Robert Edwin, 197
Vivas, Eliseo, 204, 209, 210, 239
Von Mises, Ludwig, See Mises *

Walgreen Lectures, 91, 98, 179 *
Warren, Robert Penn, 65, 70, 291
Ways of the World, The (Heilman), 12
Webb, Eugene, 8, 280, 281, 287, 288
Weber, Max, 217, 316
Wedekind, Frank, 209
—Works: Frühlingserwachen, Lulu,
   Minnehaha, 209 *

Whitehead, Alfred North, 266
Wilkerson, Marcus M., 99
Willen, Gerald, 261
Williams, Preston N., 226
Williams, Tennessee, 130-31
Wilson, Edmund, 123, 168
Wilson, John A.: Burden of Egypt, 315
Wimsatt, William K., 141
Winternitz, Emanuel, 193
Wittfogel, Karl August, 208
Wolfson, Harry Austryn, 316

Xenophanes, 189

Yale University, and employing
   Voegelin, 55-61, 63, 69 *

Zabel, Morton, 217
Zaehner, R. C, 272
Zen Buddhism, 272

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